I can review the whole module: say what I do, what I did, and what I will do, choose the right “not”, and say what is where and what hurts.
What we review
What we review
Three tenses: -ır — now and usually (“I do”, “I'm doing”); -dı — already happened (“I did”, “I've done”); -acaq — decided, will happen. -ır and -acaq take the personal endings of Mən tələbəyəm (-am, -san); -dı has its own (-m, -n: getdim, getdin). See the table below.
The five “nots”: deyil, yoxdur, -ma- in the verb, -ma in a “don't” command, olmaz — the second table. English has one “not” for all five.
• What is where: stolun üstündə, çarpayının altında, şkafın içində.
• What hurts: Başım ağrıyır — the ending for the owner, the verb in the third person.
• Free time: üzməyi sevirəm, dostumla; plans with -acaq.
What you can now do: say what you did on the weekend and what you like doing; invite a friend; describe an apartment and tell the landlord something is broken; say what hurts and understand a doctor's “don't”; talk about your plans.
Three tenses
You hear the tense in the ending; time words help.
| Tense | When, and time words | + | − | ? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | now and usually: indi, hər gün | işləyirəm | işləmirəm | işləyirsənmi? |
| past | already happened: dünən, keçən həftə | işlədim | işləmədim | işlədinmi? |
| future | decided, will happen: sabah, gələn il | işləyəcəyəm | işləməyəcəyəm | işləyəcəksənmi? |
Five “nots”
Each “not” has its own use.
| “Not” | When | Example |
|---|---|---|
| deyil | “am not”, “is not” | Mən həkim deyiləm |
| yoxdur | there isn't, don't have | Evdə çörək yoxdur |
| -ma- in the verb | I don't do, didn't do, won't do | gəlmirəm, gəlmədim, gəlməyəcəyəm |
| -ma, -mayın | the “don't” command | Gəlmə! Gəlməyin! |
| olmaz | not allowed | Burada qaçmaq olmaz |
Lesson notes
What we review
Three tenses: -ır — now and usually (“I do”, “I'm doing”); -dı — already happened (“I did”, “I've done”); -acaq — decided, will happen. -ır and -acaq take the personal endings of Mən tələbəyəm (-am, -san); -dı has its own (-m, -n: getdim, getdin). See the table below.
The five “nots”: deyil, yoxdur, -ma- in the verb, -ma in a “don't” command, olmaz — the second table. English has one “not” for all five.
• What is where: stolun üstündə, çarpayının altında, şkafın içində.
• What hurts: Başım ağrıyır — the ending for the owner, the verb in the third person.
• Free time: üzməyi sevirəm, dostumla; plans with -acaq.
What you can now do: say what you did on the weekend and what you like doing; invite a friend; describe an apartment and tell the landlord something is broken; say what hurts and understand a doctor's “don't”; talk about your plans.