I can ask whose something is — kimin? — and answer: Annanın pasportu, Bu, mənimdir.
Whose? The genitive: -ın, -nın
Whose? The genitive: -ın, -nın
Why: ask whose something is, and answer.
The owner takes the genitive ending -ın, after a vowel -nın: Rəşadın, babanın, nənənin, dostun. The vowel follows vowel harmony. The question “whose?” is kimin?
“The teacher's bag”: the order is the English one, but there are two endings: the owner gets -ın, the thing gets the “his / her” ending: müəllimin çantası. See the table.
• Bu kimindir? — Turalındır.
“It's mine” is mənimdir: mənim + -dir. The same works with sənin, onun, bizim, sizin, onların, and any owner with -ın. The phrase “Mənim adım …” from module 1 is built the same way: “my name”.
Your own family too: atamın “my father's”, qızımın “my daughter's”.
Common mistakes:
• ×Elvin maşın → Elvinin maşını (the owner is missing -in);
• ×babaın → babanın (after a vowel you need n);
• ×Turalın maşın → Turalın maşını (the thing needs its ending too).
Pul is money; maşın is only a car.
Whose thing: two endings
After a vowel, a linking n; the ending's vowel follows vowel harmony.
| Owner | with an ending | Thing | Together |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rəşad | Rəşadın | pasport | Rəşadın pasportu |
| baba | babanın | çanta | babanın çantası |
| nənə | nənənin | telefon | nənənin telefonu |
| dost | dostun | dəftər | dostun dəftəri |
Lesson notes
Whose? The genitive: -ın, -nın
Why: ask whose something is, and answer.
The owner takes the genitive ending -ın, after a vowel -nın: Rəşadın, babanın, nənənin, dostun. The vowel follows vowel harmony. The question “whose?” is kimin?
“The teacher's bag”: the order is the English one, but there are two endings: the owner gets -ın, the thing gets the “his / her” ending: müəllimin çantası. See the table.
• Bu kimindir? — Turalındır.
“It's mine” is mənimdir: mənim + -dir. The same works with sənin, onun, bizim, sizin, onların, and any owner with -ın. The phrase “Mənim adım …” from module 1 is built the same way: “my name”.
Your own family too: atamın “my father's”, qızımın “my daughter's”.
Common mistakes:
• ×Elvin maşın → Elvinin maşını (the owner is missing -in);
• ×babaın → babanın (after a vowel you need n);
• ×Turalın maşın → Turalın maşını (the thing needs its ending too).
Pul is money; maşın is only a car.