Lesson 5. Hava necədir?: the weather

Why: to ask about the weather and answer. The question: “Hava necədir?” (“What's the weather like?”). hava is both “weather” and “air”. How to say it: an adjective + the third-person ending — Hava istidir. You can leave out hava, and English “it” has no word here: Soyuqdur — “it's cold”. In an answer you can drop -dır: “Hava isti”. Rain and snow “fall”: the verb yağmaq in the third person — Yağış yağır “it's raining”, Qar yağır “it's snowing”. Wind: “Külək var” or “Külək əsir” (“the wind is blowing”). Sun: “Günəş var”. “I'm cold” is just Soyuqdur (“it's cold”), not ×Mən soyuq; in conversation people also say Mənə soyuqdur (“to me it's cold”). Both are correct. Not Məndə: that means “on me, with me”. Degrees are Celsius: “İyirmi dərəcədir”, “Sıfır dərəcədir”. When? The season takes the “where?” ending: qışda, yazda, yayda, payızda. günəş → günəşli “sunny”, bulud → buludlu “cloudy”: -lı means “with something”. That's how the language builds words; you don't build them yourself yet. Common mistakes: • ×Yağış gəlir, ×Yağış gedir → Yağış yağır: rain “falls”. • ×Hava günəş → Hava günəşlidir. • ×Məndə soyuqdur → Soyuqdur / Mənə soyuqdur.