I can review the whole module: say what happened yesterday, what's happening today, and what will happen tomorrow, and not put the linking verb where there is none.
What we review
What we review
• Yesterday. Where you were and what it was like: էի, էիր, էր, էինք, էիք, էին; what there was: կար; what there wasn't: չկար. What you did: the aorist, one word with no linking verb: գնացի, կարդացի; twelve special forms: արթնացա, տեսա, եկա, կերա, ասացի, արեցի and others.
• Today. The -ում form and the linking verb: գնում եմ.
• Tomorrow. The -ելու or -ալու form and the linking verb: աշխատելու եմ, գնալու եմ; for something arranged, the present too.
• Where the linking verb goes (see the table): in the present and the future it is there and moves around the sentence; in the aorist there is none. The negative of the aorist is չ- joined to the verb.
• Weather and the calendar: Ցուրտ է, Անձրև է գալիս; ամռանը, ձմռանը; մայիսին, մայիսի հինգին.
• Health: a body part with -ս and ցավում է; պետք է and պետք չէ with the dictionary form of the verb.
Now you can:
• talk about yesterday and the weekend;
• talk about plans and arrange to meet;
• say a date and your birthday;
• describe the weather;
• tell a doctor what hurts and understand what to do.
Yesterday, today, tomorrow
At this level the linking verb has no “will be” form of its own: we use the verb մնալ.
| What you say | Yesterday | Today | Tomorrow |
|---|---|---|---|
| I do | գնացի | գնում եմ | գնալու եմ |
| I don't | չգնացի | չեմ գնում | չեմ գնալու |
| question | Ո՞ւր գնացիր | Ո՞ւր ես գնում | Ո՞ւր ես գնալու |
| “to be” at home | տանն էի | տանն եմ | տանը մնալու եմ |
Where the linking verb stands
In the present and the future the linking verb is there and moves around the sentence; in the aorist there is none.
| Sentence | Present and future | Aorist |
|---|---|---|
| affirmative | after the verb form: գնում եմ, գնալու եմ | no linking verb: գնացի |
| negative | the negative linking verb before the form: չեմ գնում, չեմ գնալու | չ- joined: չգնացի |
| question with a question word | the linking verb right after it: Ո՞ւր ես գնում, Ո՞ւր ես գնալու | the mark on the word, no linking verb: Ո՞ւր գնացիր |
| answer | the linking verb after the answer word: Տուն եմ գնում, Տուն եմ գնալու | no linking verb: Տուն գնացի |
Lesson notes
What we review
• Yesterday. Where you were and what it was like: էի, էիր, էր, էինք, էիք, էին; what there was: կար; what there wasn't: չկար. What you did: the aorist, one word with no linking verb: գնացի, կարդացի; twelve special forms: արթնացա, տեսա, եկա, կերա, ասացի, արեցի and others.
• Today. The -ում form and the linking verb: գնում եմ.
• Tomorrow. The -ելու or -ալու form and the linking verb: աշխատելու եմ, գնալու եմ; for something arranged, the present too.
• Where the linking verb goes (see the table): in the present and the future it is there and moves around the sentence; in the aorist there is none. The negative of the aorist is չ- joined to the verb.
• Weather and the calendar: Ցուրտ է, Անձրև է գալիս; ամռանը, ձմռանը; մայիսին, մայիսի հինգին.
• Health: a body part with -ս and ցավում է; պետք է and պետք չէ with the dictionary form of the verb.
Now you can:
• talk about yesterday and the weekend;
• talk about plans and arrange to meet;
• say a date and your birthday;
• describe the weather;
• tell a doctor what hurts and understand what to do.