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Lesson 2. Preposizioni articolate: al, del, nel, sul, dal

I can join a preposition and an article into one word — nel bagno, sulla sedia, dal medico, della camera, agli amici — and keep them apart where Italian does: per, tra, fra, a casa, in ufficio.

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Preposition and article: one word

Preposition and article: one word

English writes in the, on the, at the as two words. Italian joins five prepositions — a, di, da, in, su — with the definite article into one word, and they can't be written apart. The pattern is the same for all five: a + il = al, a + lo = allo, a + l' = all', a + la = alla, a + i = ai, a + gli = agli, a + le = alle. With in, the beginning changes: nel, nell', negli, and so on. The other three work the same way — see the table. Three prepositions don't join: per, tra, and fra — per il medico, tra le due finestre. With con, joining is optional: write con il treno; col treno is only for reference. The indefinite article never joins: in una camera, su un tavolo. Set phrases without an article that you already know stay as they are: a casa, in ufficio, in banca, in treno, a piedi — there's nothing to join. With a person, da means “at someone's” and “to someone's”, like English “at the doctor's”: vado dal medico; it also means “from”: vengo da Sydney. The place words accanto a, davanti a, vicino a, lontano da end in a preposition, so they join too: accanto al letto, davanti alla porta. Common mistakes: • NOT “in il bagno” → nel bagno. • NOT “a il bar” → al bar. • NOT “su la scrivania” → sulla scrivania. • NOT “la porta di la camera” → la porta della camera. • NOT “tral tavolo e la finestra” → tra il tavolo e la finestra (tra never joins).
Preposition + article = one word

35 forms: read down the column (preposition) and across the row (article).

adidainsu
ilaldeldalnelsul
loallodellodallonellosullo
l'all'dell'dall'nell'sull'
laalladelladallanellasulla
iaideidaineisui
gliaglideglidaglineglisugli
lealledelledallenellesulle
What does NOT combine

Con may join the article, but it's optional: col is just a note, and you don't need to write it.

CaseExample
per (doesn't combine)per il medico
tra / fra (don't combine)tra i due letti
con (optional)con il treno (note: col treno)
indefinite articlein una camera
set phrases without an articlea casa, in ufficio
Lesson notes
Preposition and article: one word
English writes in the, on the, at the as two words. Italian joins five prepositions — a, di, da, in, su — with the definite article into one word, and they can't be written apart. The pattern is the same for all five: a + il = al, a + lo = allo, a + l' = all', a + la = alla, a + i = ai, a + gli = agli, a + le = alle. With in, the beginning changes: nel, nell', negli, and so on. The other three work the same way — see the table. Three prepositions don't join: per, tra, and fra — per il medico, tra le due finestre. With con, joining is optional: write con il treno; col treno is only for reference. The indefinite article never joins: in una camera, su un tavolo. Set phrases without an article that you already know stay as they are: a casa, in ufficio, in banca, in treno, a piedi — there's nothing to join. With a person, da means “at someone's” and “to someone's”, like English “at the doctor's”: vado dal medico; it also means “from”: vengo da Sydney. The place words accanto a, davanti a, vicino a, lontano da end in a preposition, so they join too: accanto al letto, davanti alla porta. Common mistakes: • NOT “in il bagno” → nel bagno. • NOT “a il bar” → al bar. • NOT “su la scrivania” → sulla scrivania. • NOT “la porta di la camera” → la porta della camera. • NOT “tral tavolo e la finestra” → tra il tavolo e la finestra (tra never joins).
Lesson 2. Preposizioni articolate: al, del, nel, sul, dal — Italian from zero to A1