Закрепить отрицательную инверсию, cleft-конструкции и прочие модели эмфазы в одном комплексе упражнений.
Теория: повторение
Повторение инверсии и эмфазы
В этом уроке мы повторяем три группы конструкций.
Отрицательная инверсия требует вопросительного порядка после never, hardly, no sooner, not only, in no way:
• Not once did the auditors question our figures.
• Never before had the team worked under such pressure.
Во второй части not only … but also слово also стоит перед смысловым глаголом, но после be и вспомогательных глаголов: but he also missed the train; but it was also noisy; but she has also left.
Cleft-предложения выделяют элемент через It was … who/that … или What … is …:
• It was a missing signature that delayed the contract.
• What the client wanted was a clear timeline.
Прочие инверсии включают only-группу и эмфатические so и such:
• Only after the audit did the errors come to light.
• Such was the backlog that two contractors were hired.
Помните: после no sooner идёт than, а после hardly и scarcely идёт when.
Так неправильно:
• NOT Never before the team had worked under such pressure — верно Never before had the team worked under such pressure: после отрицательного наречия нужна инверсия.
• NOT What the team needs are more support — верно What the team needs is more support: глагол согласуется с what.
• NOT No sooner had the meeting ended when the emails began — верно No sooner had the meeting ended than the emails began.
Три способа усилить фразу
Один и тот же факт можно подать тремя разными приёмами — выбор задаёт акцент.
| Приём | Формула | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| отрицательная инверсия | наречие + вспомогательный + подлежащее | Not once did the auditors question our figures. |
| расщепление (cleft) | It was … who/that … · What … is … | It was a missing signature that delayed the contract. |
| эмфатические so / such | So + прил. + was … · Such was … | Such was the backlog that two contractors were hired. |
Конспект урока
Повторение инверсии и эмфазы
В этом уроке мы повторяем три группы конструкций.
Отрицательная инверсия требует вопросительного порядка после never, hardly, no sooner, not only, in no way:
• Not once did the auditors question our figures.
• Never before had the team worked under such pressure.
Во второй части not only … but also слово also стоит перед смысловым глаголом, но после be и вспомогательных глаголов: but he also missed the train; but it was also noisy; but she has also left.
Cleft-предложения выделяют элемент через It was … who/that … или What … is …:
• It was a missing signature that delayed the contract.
• What the client wanted was a clear timeline.
Прочие инверсии включают only-группу и эмфатические so и such:
• Only after the audit did the errors come to light.
• Such was the backlog that two contractors were hired.
Помните: после no sooner идёт than, а после hardly и scarcely идёт when.
Так неправильно:
• NOT Never before the team had worked under such pressure — верно Never before had the team worked under such pressure: после отрицательного наречия нужна инверсия.
• NOT What the team needs are more support — верно What the team needs is more support: глагол согласуется с what.
• NOT No sooner had the meeting ended when the emails began — верно No sooner had the meeting ended than the emails began.