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Lesson 5. Jaké je počasí? Weather, seasons, and sentences with no subject

I can say what the weather is like today, what it was like yesterday, and what it will be like tomorrow, say “I'm cold”, and say when: in spring, in summer, in the fall, in winter.

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Jaké je počasí? Prší, bylo, bude

Jaké je počasí? Prší, bylo, bude

Weather sentences have no subject, unlike English “it's raining”: Prší. Sněží. Je teplo. Je zima. Je hezky — the weather is nice (as in mějte se hezky). For yesterday and tomorrow, use the same words with bylo and bude: je teplo → bylo teplo → bude teplo; prší → pršelo → bude pršet (see the table). But zima is a noun, so “it was cold” is byla zima. “I'm cold” is je mi zima (literally “it is cold to me”); the same for warm or hot: teplo, horko. The short mi comes after je. The word zima means both “winter” and “cold”: V zimě je zima. The seasons: jaro, léto, podzim, zima. English says “in spring”, “in summer”; Czech uses na or v, each with its own form: na jaře, v létě, na podzim, v zimě (see the table). Temperature is in Celsius: plus deset, minus pět. Common mistakes: • דJsem zima” → Je mi zima. • דMi je zima” → the short mi never comes first: Je mi zima. • דv jaro, v podzimu” → na jaře, na podzim.
Weather: now, yesterday, tomorrow

zima is a feminine noun, so byla zima.

NowYesterdayTomorrow
je teplobylo teplobude teplo
pršípršelobude pršet
sněžísněžilobude sněžit
je zimabyla zimabude zima
Seasons

“When?”: na or v, each with its own form.

SeasonWhen?
jarona jaře
létov létě
podzimna podzim
zimav zimě
Lesson notes
Jaké je počasí? Prší, bylo, bude
Weather sentences have no subject, unlike English “it's raining”: Prší. Sněží. Je teplo. Je zima. Je hezky — the weather is nice (as in mějte se hezky). For yesterday and tomorrow, use the same words with bylo and bude: je teplo → bylo teplo → bude teplo; prší → pršelo → bude pršet (see the table). But zima is a noun, so “it was cold” is byla zima. “I'm cold” is je mi zima (literally “it is cold to me”); the same for warm or hot: teplo, horko. The short mi comes after je. The word zima means both “winter” and “cold”: V zimě je zima. The seasons: jaro, léto, podzim, zima. English says “in spring”, “in summer”; Czech uses na or v, each with its own form: na jaře, v létě, na podzim, v zimě (see the table). Temperature is in Celsius: plus deset, minus pět. Common mistakes: • דJsem zima” → Je mi zima. • דMi je zima” → the short mi never comes first: Je mi zima. • דv jaro, v podzimu” → na jaře, na podzim.