I can say where people are from and what language they speak (the country, the man and the woman from it, the adjective, the language), name a citizenship and a continent, and capitalize the word for the person but not the adjective.
Who's from where: the person, the adjective, the language
Who's from where: the person, the adjective, the language
To say who is from where and what language they speak, you need four words: country — person — adjective — language. Slovensko → Slovák, Slovenka → slovenský → po slovensky. English has one word, “Slovak”, for the last three. All four are in the table.
• The person is capitalized: Slovák, Češka, Nemec. Unlike English, the adjective and the language are lowercase unless they start a sentence: slovenský, po slovensky. The choice exercise checks the capitals.
• What kind? The adjective agrees with its noun: slovenský syr, slovenská krajina, slovenské mesto. In the accusative a feminine one takes -ú: mám slovenskú knihu.
• The language: po + the adjective with a short y at the end: český → po česky, nemecký → po nemecky.
Občan, občianka — citizen (man / woman), as in a passport. Obyvateľ, obyvateľka — a resident of a town, a country, or a building. Continents: Európa, Amerika, Ázia, Afrika, Austrália.
A form may ask about religion: kresťan, katolík, moslim, žid (a Jew by religion), ateista; veriť — to believe, modliť sa — to pray, Boh — God. You only need to recognize these words.
Common mistakes:
• ×slovák, ×češka → Slovák, Češka (the person is capitalized)
• ×Je slovenský (about a person) → Je Slovák.
• ×po slovenský → po slovensky
• ×na slovenskom → po slovensky
Country, person, adjective, language
The person is capitalized; the adjective and the language are lowercase.
| Country | He | She | What kind? (aký?) | Language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slovensko | Slovák | Slovenka | slovenský | po slovensky, slovenčina |
| Rusko | Rus | Ruska | ruský | po rusky, ruština |
| Česko | Čech | Češka | český | po česky |
| Anglicko | Angličan | Angličanka | anglický | po anglicky |
| Nemecko | Nemec | Nemka | nemecký | po nemecky |
| Ukrajina | Ukrajinec | Ukrajinka | — | — |
| Európa | Európan | Európanka | európsky | — |
| Vietnam | Vietnamec | Vietnamka | — | — |
Lesson notes
Who's from where: the person, the adjective, the language
To say who is from where and what language they speak, you need four words: country — person — adjective — language. Slovensko → Slovák, Slovenka → slovenský → po slovensky. English has one word, “Slovak”, for the last three. All four are in the table.
• The person is capitalized: Slovák, Češka, Nemec. Unlike English, the adjective and the language are lowercase unless they start a sentence: slovenský, po slovensky. The choice exercise checks the capitals.
• What kind? The adjective agrees with its noun: slovenský syr, slovenská krajina, slovenské mesto. In the accusative a feminine one takes -ú: mám slovenskú knihu.
• The language: po + the adjective with a short y at the end: český → po česky, nemecký → po nemecky.
Občan, občianka — citizen (man / woman), as in a passport. Obyvateľ, obyvateľka — a resident of a town, a country, or a building. Continents: Európa, Amerika, Ázia, Afrika, Austrália.
A form may ask about religion: kresťan, katolík, moslim, žid (a Jew by religion), ateista; veriť — to believe, modliť sa — to pray, Boh — God. You only need to recognize these words.
Common mistakes:
• ×slovák, ×češka → Slovák, Češka (the person is capitalized)
• ×Je slovenský (about a person) → Je Slovák.
• ×po slovenský → po slovensky
• ×na slovenskom → po slovensky