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Lesson 1. -ire verbs: dormire, partire, and the -isc- type

I can conjugate third-group verbs (dormire, partire, aprire), recognize the -isc- verbs (finisco, capisco, pulisco), and keep their endings apart from -are and -ere.

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The third group: dormo and finisco

The third group: dormo and finisco

Talk about what you do at home and at work: a third of the most common Italian verbs end in ire — dormire, partire, aprire, sentire, offrire. Endings: -o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, -ono — io dormo, tu dormi, lui dorme, noi dormiamo, voi dormite, loro dormono. Some -ire verbs add isc between the stem and the ending: io finisco, tu finisci, lui finisce, loro finiscono. So do capire, pulire, spedire, and preferire, which you already know. noi and voi never take isc: noi finiamo, voi finite — the usual endings. Which -ire verbs take -isc- can't be seen from the infinitive: learn it with the word. That's why the lesson's word list marks them “(isc)”. Compare the three groups in the tu form: tu parli — tu prendi — tu dormi — tu finisci. All end in -i; the rest of the word tells them apart. See the table. Stress: in the loro form it falls on the stem — dòrmono, finìscono, like pàrlano and prèndono. Common mistakes: • NOT “Noi finisciamo” — noi has no -isc-: “Noi finiamo”. • NOT “Io capo il francese” — capire needs -isc-: “Io capisco il francese”. • NOT “Voi dormono” — that's the loro form: “Voi dormite”. • NOT “Loro apriscono la porta” — aprire has no -isc-: “Loro aprono la porta”.
The three verb groups in the present tense

Compare the -are, -ere, and -ire endings person by person.

Personparlareprenderedormirefinire (-isc-)
ioparloprendodormofinisco
tuparliprendidormifinisci
lui / lei / Leiparlaprendedormefinisce
noiparliamoprendiamodormiamofiniamo
voiparlateprendetedormitefinite
loroparlanoprendonodormonofiniscono
Which verbs take -isc- and which don't

Likewise: capire, pulire, spedire, and the familiar preferire — all take -isc-.

Persons with -isc-Persons without -isc-
io finisconoi finiamo
tu finiscivoi finite
lui / lei finisce—
loro finiscono—
Lesson notes
The third group: dormo and finisco
Talk about what you do at home and at work: a third of the most common Italian verbs end in ire — dormire, partire, aprire, sentire, offrire. Endings: -o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, -ono — io dormo, tu dormi, lui dorme, noi dormiamo, voi dormite, loro dormono. Some -ire verbs add isc between the stem and the ending: io finisco, tu finisci, lui finisce, loro finiscono. So do capire, pulire, spedire, and preferire, which you already know. noi and voi never take isc: noi finiamo, voi finite — the usual endings. Which -ire verbs take -isc- can't be seen from the infinitive: learn it with the word. That's why the lesson's word list marks them “(isc)”. Compare the three groups in the tu form: tu parli — tu prendi — tu dormi — tu finisci. All end in -i; the rest of the word tells them apart. See the table. Stress: in the loro form it falls on the stem — dòrmono, finìscono, like pàrlano and prèndono. Common mistakes: • NOT “Noi finisciamo” — noi has no -isc-: “Noi finiamo”. • NOT “Io capo il francese” — capire needs -isc-: “Io capisco il francese”. • NOT “Voi dormono” — that's the loro form: “Voi dormite”. • NOT “Loro apriscono la porta” — aprire has no -isc-: “Loro aprono la porta”.
Lesson 1. -ire verbs: dormire, partire, and the -isc- type — Italian from zero to A1